<\/STRONG>
![](\"javascript:openImage('\/images_upload\/small_2192.jpg');\")
<\/STRONG><\/A>T\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng
<\/FONT><\/STRONG>Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u “Gi\u1eef nh\u1ecbp t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam: Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t” do McKinsey & Company th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y 14\/2 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh, trong 25 n\u0103m qua, Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 v\u00e0 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt t\u1ea1i ch\u00e2u \u00c1, v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng GDP lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee9c 5,3% tr\u1edf l\u00ean t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1986 \u0111\u1ebfn nay, v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ee9ng sau Trung Qu\u1ed1c (7,7%). <\/FONT><\/P>
<\/FONT><\/P> Theo \u00f4ng Marco Breu, T\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c McKinsey & Company Vietnam, x\u00e9t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3, t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1edd 3 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1: gia t\u0103ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u ng\u00e0nh v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t n\u1ed9i ng\u00e0nh, v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ngang nhau; n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u1edf m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c, g\u1ed3m ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o – ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn, b\u00e1n l\u1ebb, v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i, kho b\u00e3i v\u00e0 vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng; Vi\u1ec7t Nam ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ebf m\u1ea1nh trong vi\u1ec7c xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, \u0111\u1ed5 u\u1ed1ng trong v\u00f2ng 5 n\u0103m l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y.<\/FONT><\/P> Trong m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t trung b\u00ecnh giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2005-2010 trong m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb nay \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2020 (n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p 3%, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p 0,5% v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 3,4%), l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tham gia lao \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i, \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi nam gi\u1edbi 15-60 v\u00e0 n\u1eef gi\u1edbi 15-55, th\u00ec t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 \u1edf m\u1ee9c 4,6%\/n\u0103m.<\/FONT><\/P> C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng GDP giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2010-2020 l\u00e0 7% th\u00ec t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng GDP k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o lao \u0111\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfm 0,6%, t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng GDP c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edd gia t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t lao \u0111\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfm 6,4%.<\/FONT><\/P> \u0110\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t lao \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, c\u1ea7n coi tr\u1ecdng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t huy ch\u1ea5t x\u00e1m.<\/FONT><\/P> Singapore, n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi (NIC), l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u201cK\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XXI\u201d trong \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau bi\u1ebfn n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh trung t\u00e2m \u201cch\u1ea5t x\u00e1m\u201d \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ngu\u1ed3n nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c, thu h\u00fat nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi. Nh\u1edd c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, t\u1ec9 tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a TFP (n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p) v\u00e0o t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y chi\u1ebfm t\u1edbi 3% t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng GDP. <\/FONT><\/P> Theo GS. John FitzGerald (Vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Kinh t\u1ebf – x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Ireland), y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p (TFP) r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng t\u1edbi n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf, theo \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf n\u1ebfu bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch khai th\u00e1c nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c m\u1ed7i lao \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00f4ng qua c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 thu nh\u1eadp cao h\u01a1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u0103ng th\u00eam v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0. Th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n cho th\u1ea5y, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n v\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec1u khi c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i cho n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf.<\/FONT><\/P> C\u00e1c V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i XI c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t khi \u0111\u1eb7t ra m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u01b0a t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf GDP c\u1ee7a n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p (TFP) n\u0103m 2015 l\u00ean 31- 32%, n\u0103m 2020 l\u00ean 35%, cao h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng 25- 27% hi\u1ec7n nay, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 l\u00e0 t\u0103ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0 t\u0103ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 73- 75% hi\u1ec7n nay xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 68- 69% v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2015 v\u00e0 c\u00f2n 65% v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2020.<\/FONT><\/P> TFP bao g\u1ed3m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf khoa h\u1ecdc- c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. ICOR hi\u1ec7n \u1edf m\u1ee9c 6,1 l\u1ea7n trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 2006- 2009 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n kho\u1ea3ng 5 l\u1ea7n trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 2011- 2015 v\u00e0 2011 – 2020- t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0. <\/FONT><\/P> N\u0103ng su\u1ea5t lao \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103m 2010 \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea1t kho\u1ea3ng 2.202 USD\/ng\u01b0\u1eddi – m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2015 s\u1ebd cao g\u1ea5p r\u01b0\u1ee1i, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t kho\u1ea3ng 3030 USD\/ng\u01b0\u1eddi. V\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc- c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, ngay ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn m\u00e0 t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n nay c\u0169ng m\u1edbi chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 20%, th\u1ea5p xa so v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 36 – 40% c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc trong khu v\u1ef1c. <\/FONT><\/P> Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u00e1c V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i XI \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 ra m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u01b0a t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2015 l\u00ean 35%, \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2020 l\u00ean 45%. S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 chi\u1ebfm t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng l\u1edbn tr\u1ecdng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, l\u00e0 k\u1ebft tinh c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt – c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/FONT><\/P> \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau n\u00e0y, khoa h\u1ecdc – c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c- \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kho\u00e1. <\/FONT><\/P> Do \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef nh\u1ecbp t\u0103ng t\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. T\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c duy tr\u00ec th\u00e0nh t\u00edch t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u1eeba qua, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 gia t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n cao h\u01a1n n\u1eefa. Nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u00ean gia c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 gia t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t th\u00ec b\u00e0i to\u00e1n n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u0169ng kh\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p. T\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefngNghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u “Gi\u1eef nh\u1ecbp t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam: Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":19416,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[65],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dntieubieuna.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19421"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dntieubieuna.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dntieubieuna.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dntieubieuna.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dntieubieuna.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=19421"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/dntieubieuna.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19421\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dntieubieuna.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/19416"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dntieubieuna.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=19421"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dntieubieuna.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=19421"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dntieubieuna.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=19421"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
Theo Chinhphu.vn<\/EM><\/STRONG><\/FONT><\/P><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"