(HNM) – Theo c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 sau h\u01a1n 3 n\u0103m gia nh\u1eadp WTO (ng\u00e0y 7-11-2006) \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i, v\u00ec th\u1ebf c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p (DN) c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf “c\u1ea5t c\u00e1nh”.
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![\"\"](\"http:\/\/www.hanoimoi.com.vn\/Uploads\/cn_lamviec.jpg\") <\/FONT><\/TD><\/TR>S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng gia d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i C\u00f4ng ty Kim kh\u00ed Th\u0103ng Long. \u1ea2nh: Nguy\u1ec7t \u00c1nh<\/FONT><\/SPAN><\/SPAN><\/EM><\/TD><\/TR><\/TBODY><\/TABLE> | C\u01a1 h\u1ed9i l\u1edbn, th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf<\/STRONG> Sau h\u01a1n 3 n\u0103m gia nh\u1eadp WTO, Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 ban h\u00e0nh m\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1p l\u00fd nh\u1eb1m “n\u1ed9i lu\u1eadt h\u00f3a” c\u00e1c cam k\u1ebft gia nh\u1eadp WTO, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan, DN th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1c cam k\u1ebft. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, GDP n\u01b0\u1edbc ta t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng cao, nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba \u1edf m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p, n\u0103m 2009 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1t kho\u1ea3ng 438.000 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng, chi\u1ebfm 26,7% GDP so v\u1edbi GDP n\u0103m 2008 (26,6%), nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi n\u0103m 2007 (29,2%). V\u00ec v\u1eady, v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i (FDI) tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c quan tr\u1ecdng th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng \u00edt \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 r\u00f5 v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 th\u1ea5p do chi ph\u00ed cao, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t lao \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ea5p, n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ea1nh tranh h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. N\u01b0\u1edbc ta \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00e1 nhanh, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb m\u1edbi, c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 l\u1edbn. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p, li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u1edf c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb n\u00f3i tr\u00ean c\u00f2n thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9, thi\u1ebfu t\u00ednh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng. Theo c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn khi n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ed1n FDI l\u1edbn, n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, trong khi ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n n\u00e0y ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n kh\u00f4ng \u00edt r\u1ee7i ro. H\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh sang n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, song th\u00e2m h\u1ee5t th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i c\u0169ng kh\u00e1 l\u1edbn, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u (XK) v\u00e0 nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u (NK) \u0111\u1ec1u t\u0103ng, nh\u01b0ng NK t\u0103ng nhanh h\u01a1n. Theo ng\u00e0nh ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, ch\u1ec9 t\u00ednh ri\u00eang t\u1ed5ng kim ng\u1ea1ch xu\u1ea5t, nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc trong 5 th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 2010 l\u00e0 57,78 t\u1ef7 USD, t\u0103ng 23% so v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng k\u1ef3 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc (trong \u0111\u00f3, kim ng\u1ea1ch XK l\u00e0 26,13 t\u1ef7 USD, t\u0103ng 13,9%; NK kho\u1ea3ng 31,66 t\u1ef7 USD, t\u0103ng 31,6% so v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng k\u1ef3 n\u0103m 2009). K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, c\u00e1n c\u00e2n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a sau 5 th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m nay th\u00e2m h\u1ee5t kho\u1ea3ng 5,53 t\u1ef7 USD, b\u1eb1ng 21,2% kim ng\u1ea1ch XK. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m NK v\u00e0 nh\u1eadp si\u00eau \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c DN s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a. V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a theo h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u0103ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi tham gia c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t khu v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf n\u00e2ng cao tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb… DN. C\u1ea7n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3<\/STRONG> Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng DN c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 nh\u1eefng \u01b0u, nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong h\u01a1n 3 n\u0103m qua, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 r\u00fat kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eddi gian t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao h\u01a1n. Theo c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia, khi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp WTO ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o 2 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, sau kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng, xu th\u1ebf b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 t\u0103ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c li\u00ean quan, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh… C\u00f2n v\u1edbi trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u0103m qua n\u01b0\u1edbc ta kh\u00e1 v\u1ea5t v\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, nh\u01b0ng t\u00e2m th\u1ebf h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u1eabn v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ta c\u0169ng n\u1ed5i l\u00ean hai v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, c\u00f2n l\u00fang t\u00fang trong vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp trong kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng. Th\u1ee9 hai, trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp, c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 r\u00f5, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf. \u0110\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, v\u00ec trong cam k\u1ebft WTO c\u0169ng c\u00f3 hai m\u1eb7t, v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i m\u1edf c\u1eeda theo cam k\u1ebft, v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u0169ng theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a WTO. B\u1ed9 C\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng cho bi\u1ebft, trong th\u1eddi gian qua n\u01b0\u1edbc ta \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd 5 hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh, ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u01b0 song ph\u01b0\u01a1ng; 15 hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh, ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u01b0 v\u1ec1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c \u0111a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng (trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 WTO, ASEAN, ASEAN+) v\u00e0 32 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c. C\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 trong vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf, th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i; r\u00e0 so\u00e1t, s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn cam k\u1ebft h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp (c\u00f3 9 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua v\u00e0 22 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i, b\u1ed5 sung). Vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c cam k\u1ebft trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 WTO, ASEAN, APEC, ASEM… l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o b\u1ed9 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t, ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb v\u1edbi Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p li\u00ean quan \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n, k\u00fd k\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7. Tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u00f3, Vi\u1ec7t Nam ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp kinh t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf; ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c trong c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u1ea1nh tranh, ch\u1ed1ng tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p, ch\u1ed1ng b\u00e1n ph\u00e1 gi\u00e1, gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng tranh ch\u1ea5p th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng…<\/FONT><\/DIV><\/DIV> |